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L'empereurL'EMPEREUR(Koei)(strategy game series)Instruction manualNES-QV-USA---Licensed by Nintendo for play on the Nintendo Entertainment System. Nintendoand Nintendo Entertainment System are registered trademarks of Nintendo ofAmerica Inc.(picture of the Nintendo Official Seal of quality)This official seal is your assurance that Nintendo has approved the quality ofthis product. Always look for this seal when buying games and accessories toensure complete compatibility with your Nintendo Entertainment System.(KOEI logo)(C) 1991 KOEI CORPORATIONAll Rights Reserved.---SAFETY TIPSBefore beginning L'empereur, please read following:1) Always turn the power off before inserting or removing the GAME PAK from your NES.2) Do not store game in extreme temperatures. Never hit or drop it.3) Avoid touching the terminal connectors.4) Never attempt to take your GAME PAK apart.5) Use of cleaning agents can damage the GAME PAK.WARNING: DO NOT USE WITH FRONT OR REAR PROJECTION TVDo not use a front or rear projection television with your NintendoEntertainment System ("NES") and NES games. Your projection televisionscreen may be permanently damaged if video games with stationary scenes or patterns are played on your projection television. Similar damage may occur if you place a video game on hold or pause. If you use yourprojection television with NES games, Nintendo will not be liable for any damage. This situation is not caused by a defect in the NES or NES games; other fixed or repetitive images may cause similar damage to a projection television. Please contact your TV manufacturer for further information.---ADVISORY: READ BEFORE USING YOUR NES/SUPER NESA very small portion of the population may experience epileptic seizures when viewing certain kinds of flashing lights or patterns that are commonly present in our daily environment. These persons may experience seizures while watching some kinds of television pictures or playing certain video games. Players who have not had any previousseizures may nonetheless have an undetected epileptic condition. We suggest that you consult your physician if you have an epilepticcondition or if you experience any of the following symptoms while playingvideo games: altered vision, muscle twitching, other involuntary movements,loss of awareness of your surroundings, mental confusion and / or convulsions.PAGE 1------INTRODUCTION Exploiting his military genius and undying nerve, Napoleon Bonaparte rose tobecome one of the most charismatic leaders in the history of France. Theviolent shock of the French Revolution set the stage for his climb to power.He created an undaunted army and swept back his opponents.L'empereur is the success story of Napoleon, the man who rose from CommandingOfficer to Emperor. You enter as a young French Commander. Rise up out ofthe masses through military deeds and win the people's support to becomeEmperor. Your fight will continue until you control all of Europe.In war you will be challenged in the art of strategy. The typography of thefield varies and you have the valuable ability to construct bridges. Remaincomposed and alert, for your enemies surround you on all sides! A world ofglory and the emperor's throne await you. Good luck as you journey into anage of magnificence! (signature of Yoichi Erikawa) Yoichi Erikawa President Koei Corporation & The Entire Koei StaffPAGE 2 & 3----------TABLE OF CONTENTSI Quick Start................................................P 4 The Controller-Starting the game-Ending and savingII The World of L'empereur....................................P 6 Command hierarchy-Game flow-ScenariosIII The Quest for Power........................................P10 City display-Officer commandsIV Towards the Conquest of Europe.............................P18 National display-Government commandsV Beyond the Smoke of Guns...................................P24 The Procession of War-War commandsVI Follow the Tide of Fortune!................................P34 Explanation of Events VII Data At-a-Glance...........................................P37 City-Nation-Officer data summariesVIII Record of Napoleon's Conquest..............................P46 History-ProfilesIX The Grand ArmÈe at War.....................................P60 Three great battles More about sea control and landing operations................P12 More about military divisions................................P13 More about taxes.............................................P17 More about diplomatic conditions.............................P20PAGE 4------I QUICK START* The ControllerUse either game controller. Buttons A and B highlight, finalize and cancelmenu selections. The + button controls the cursor, indicates selections andsets numerical values.Select from menus: Move the cursor to your choice and push A. Beforefinalizing a selection, you can push B to cancel.(Y/N)?: The final step in executing a command. Push (- Yes; push -) No.Setting numerical Values: Push left or right to digits (ones, tens, hundreds),push up or down to change values. Push (- for the maximum; push (- twice forthe minimum.Viewing data or maps: At the main screen, view other data or a regional map of Europe by pushing B. Push A to go back to commandsChoosing a city: Move the arrow to a city and push A.PAGE 5------* Starting The Game1) Insert the game cartridge.2) Turn ON game system.3) The introduction will begin. Push Start to skip to set-up.4) Choose a scenario or saved game.5) Decide whether or not to watch a demonstration game.6) Decide whether or not to observe other wars. You can change your decision mid-game.7) Final confirmation. Answer No to reset values.8) Begin your first round of commands.* Ending And Saving The GameAt the main screen, push Select to access this option menu:HEX war: Observe other wars in EuropeBGM: Control background musicGraphics: View event graphicsSpeed: Set message display speedSave: Only one game can be saved. Not possible from government commandsQuit: After quitting, hold down Reset as you turn the power offPAGE 6------II THE WORLD OF L'EMPEREURL'empereur takes place in the violent aftermath of the French Revolution. Youstep in as the undaunted hero - Napoleon. Your goal is to unify Europe.You have authority at 2 command levels: officer and government. You start offas an officer in charge of city affairs and the military. Your duty is todefeat belligerent nations. With the people's support you will rise in rankto First Consul and then Emperor. At that point you gain authority overgovernment commands, to execute domestic and foreign policy. Using these newpowers, strengthen France and focus on the unification of Europe.* Command HierarchyCommanding ranks are abbreviated as follows:Ofc.......................................................OfficerRsv............................................Officer in ReservePRI...............................................Prisoner of WarCom.....................................................CommanderC.C............................................Commander-In-ChiefF.C..................................................First ConsulEmp.......................................................EmperorMon.......................................................MonarchDir...................................................Directorate46 different European cities are presented in L'Empereur. Every nation coversa number of cities. View nation, city and officer data to estimate your statusamong other nations.PAGE 7------Depending on Napoleon's military rank, he issues commands at the officer or government command levels. At his lowest ranking he is a Commanderinvolved in city strategy and military affairs.When Napoleon is promoted to First Consul he takes on new responsibilitiesat the government command level. Format national strategy in addition to your usual duties.After ascending to the throne, Napoleon's authority expands again. In additionto national strategy, relocate his brothers and son to rule over distant lands.* Game Flow And ObjectivesNote: Months are abbreviated in this manual, but appear in full on-screen.The game calendar is divided into 12 months and 4 seasons: spring (Mar-May),summer (June-Aug.), autumn (Sept-Nov), and winter (Dec-Feb.).Execute officer commands each month and government commands at the beginning of each season.In the course of defeating your neighbors, collect taxes, pay stipends, surviveharsh winters and deal with other natural disasters. Be prepared for strikes,rebellions, and military uprisings.Build up your army and charge into war. Starting with the defending side, each commanding officer has 1 chance per day to execute field commands. If a victor is not decided within 30 days at war, regular play resumes.Work your way through L'Empereur month by month, organizing your military and assailing your enemies. You can only fail if you die or fall prisoner to the enemy.PAGE 8------* The ScenariosBy starting at scenario 1 you can enjoy the success story of Napoleon's life.1. Napoleon's Beginning Mar 1796 Commander Napoleon is a young Commander in Marseilles, France, near the Italian border. War is tempting with enemies so close. End of Scenario: France acquired 9 cities. Hostile Nations: England, Austria, Naples, Venice2. Desire for Power Mar 1798 Commander-in-chief Napoleon is in St. Malo with authority to move about the country at will. The directorate is troubled by problems in Egypt. End of Scenario: Napoleon captures 4 cities, or France acquire 12 cities. Hostile Nations: England3. End of Revolution Mar 1802 First Consul Napoleon assumes governmental responsibilities from Paris. The coalition will not stop his quest for power. End of Scenario: Napoleon captures 8 cities, or France acquire 18 cities. Hostile Nations: None4. Glorious Empire Mar 1806 Emperor Napoleon I rules from Paris. His power extends across the plains of Europe. End of Scenario: All 46 cities are unified under France. Hostile Nations: England, Russia, Prussia, Sweden.PAGE 9------Napoleon's Brothers and His SonJoseph: Elder brother, King of Naples, later became King of Spain.Lucien: Younger brother. Became Prince of Canino.Louis: Younger brother. Became King of Holland.Jerome: Youngest brother. Became King of Westphalia.Eugene: Child of Empress Josephine, yet Napoleon's step-son. Became King of Rome.Centers of Power5: London 11: Berlin 22: Vienna 37: Rome7: Stockholm 12: Warsaw 24: Munich 39: Istanbul8: Copenhagen 14: St. Petersburg 28: Paris 42: Lisbon9: Amsterdam 17: Moscow 34: Venice 44: MadridPAGE 10-------III THE QUEST FOR POWERThe City Display(picture of the character screen)1. Year / Month (upper left) 5. Soldiers (under 8)2. City # / City / Status / Commander (under 1) 6. Morale / Training (under 5)3. Commands (bottom) 7. Military Data (center)4. Nation (upper center) 8. Weapons Factory (upper right)(picture of the map screen)1. Map (top and center)2. Rise or Fall in Worth (lower left) 3.City Data (lower right)Officer commands are described below.Note: () indicates important officer attributes, * indicates city data affected.PAGE 11-------OFFICER COMMANDSInvadeInvade cities in hostile nations. Dispatch up to 10 officers with food andgold to feed the soldiers. Reserves can follow. Choose a wartime commanderif Napoleon, one of his brothers or his son stays behind.You can only attack adjacent cities by land. By sea, you must be invading acity that shares the same shoreline. Sea routes are well-guarded, and chancesare that your fleet will be intercepted en route.Army Recruit Soldiers can be recruited once a year, from Mar and on. You can recruit as many soldiers from the population as you can feed: 5 food per soldier. Horse Buy Horses for reserves: 5 gold per horse. Arrange Rearrange soldiers, horses and guns into active duty. Decide which officers are best suited to lead which type of army. Speech () Leadership * Soldier's Morale Give a speech to rouse fighting spirit. Reward * Loyalty Reward your officers and restore their loyalty. Training * Training level Improve training of all soldiers in the city.PAGE 12-------More About Sea Control and Landing OperationsSailing routes cross the Mediterannean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Baltic Sea, andNorth Sea. Each city number is color-coded according to the body of water that reaches its shore. The city with the greatest fleet can win control of sea routes.(Sea Invasion) Attacking City (--------+ ! | | V | | Battle at sea | | ! | | V V | War with defending fleet | ! | | V V | Hex ware with enemy city | ! | | V V | Prisoner(---+ Retreat--------+ Key: ! When enemy nation | All other V has Sea Control V invasionsPAGE 13-------More About Military DivisionsInfantry: The core of your army. It costs nothing to equip them and they are the most flexible in war. Can cross any terrain, and perform specialized maneuvers.Cavalry: Can rush in unexpectedly and annihilate enemy unit. Buy horses to organize cavalry.Artillery: Strongest under Napoleon's command. Can attack enemy from a distance. Best used to protect infantry and cavalry units.Reserves: Left behind with officers not called to war. Can be mobilized into adjacent infantry.(Going to War)Recruit Men ---) Infantry Reserves --+Buy Horses ---) Cavalry Reserves ---| +---) Artillery (for -----| Officers | reserves) |---) Arrange --) Soldiers ----(ContinueRequest ---+---) Officers ----------| below) | | +---) Warships ----------+ +---) Speech ----) Raise Morale -----+ | | | |--+---) Training --) Raise Training ---+---) Invade | Level | | | +---) Reward ----) Raise Loyalty ----+PAGE 14-------Invest Industry () Financial * Industry / Materials / Shipbuilding Increase production of heavy materials. Commerce () Financial * Trade / Indirect tax Increase commercial worth (trade) and tax revenues will go up. Agriculture () Financial * Farming / Food Harvest Develop agriculture for a richer harvest. Medical () Building * Hospital standards Improve the hospital for healthier living conditions.Supply* Food / Material SufficiencyDetermine food and material supplies. Low supplies may arouse rebellion.SendYou can only send things by land into adjacent cities, or by sea into citiesthat share your shoreline. Officers Move an officer and his corps. Decide how many reserves, and how much gold and food to allot for the move. Officers retain all ships involved in the move. Goods () Supplies Move gold, food and/or materials. All ships will return to the original city after unloading their cargo. Treasury () Supplies Deposit gold, food and/or materials into the national treasury.Give() Supplies * Food / Material SufficiencyDistribute gold or food among the people.Tax() SuppliesCollect food and gold from the people, in addition to regular taxes. Thiscommand can harm food supplies, industry, trade and farming.RequestRequest assistance from the French government. You can use this command asoften as you like, but only your last request will be effective. There is noguarantee that requests will be granted. View national resources to judge yourchances for approval. The Directorate's answer will come up the followingseason. Funds / Food / Material If approved, the government will send supplies from the national treasury. Exempt * National tax payments Request exemption from national tax payments. Officer / Artillery / Warship Request support for your city corps.PAGE 16-------RestEnd your turn.ViewUsing this command to examine areas not under French control will cost anentire turn during city strategy. Nation View all pertinent data for any nation. City View data for individual cities. Officers View officers in any city. Reserves View reserves held by any nation. Pows View officers held prisoner by any nation. Sea Control Find out which nations control which shores.SummarySummaries are displayed data in charts. Examine the diplomatic standing ofany nation through Foreign.MapSee a full map of Europe.PAGE 17-------More About TaxesGoldDirect taxes are collected in Jan. and a portion goes to the national treasury. Indirect taxes are collected in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec in proportion to industrial worth. Supply cities pay a higher direct tax as well as indirect taxes to the national treasury.Food and MaterialsFood is harvested in Sep., distributed to the people in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec,and used to pay officers' stipends in Apr. & Oct. Materials are produced anddistributed in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec. Supply cities make payments to thetreasury in food in Nov., and in materials in June & Nov.(The Flow of Gold - Food - Materials) Government (%%%%%%%%%%% ++++) (National Treasury) (ooooo % Key: + ^ o % ++) Flow of + + o % Gold City National Tax Payments Supply City %%) Flow of ^ ^ ^ % + Food + % o % + ++) Flow of + % o V V Materials People Soldiers Officers / WarshipsPAGE 18-------IV TOWARDS THE CONQUEST OF EUROPE* The National Display(picture of the national display)1. Year / Month, Ruler & Status (upper left)2. Commands (bottom)3. Nation (upper center)4. Military Expenditures / Guns / Supply Cities / Reserves (center)(picture of the national display)1. Nation Data (bottom)In scenarios 3 and 4, not only do you have to manage affairs in your city ascommanding officer, but you will also have to rule the government as FirstConsul or Emperor. Government commands are made in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec.PAGE 19-------GOVERNMENT COMMANDSGovernmental Policy is carried out at 2 levels:1. National Strategy: Oversee diplomatic relations. Commands are blue, and turn red when executed twice.2. City Strategy: Regulate your subordinates in other cities. On the map, a rolled flag shows that a city has received orders.NATIONAL STRATEGYForeign() Political Ability * Hostility Alliance The usual term is 3 years. If you ally with a hostile nation, a cease- fire immediately goes into effect, and the side that proposed the alliance must pay for wartime damages. This kind of alliance lasts one year. Friendship Establish a friendship treaty with a neutral nation and open up the possibility for trade. Stop Trade Break off trade with a friendly nation. You can request another nation to join in a trade blockade. Declare War Instigate hostility with any nation but an ally. Officer loyalty and soldier morale will drop; hostility will spread throughout your opponent's camp. Exchange Prisoners Propose an exchange and strengthen your proposal by offering gold. The Officers who return go into reserve forces.PAGE 20-------More About Diplomatic ConditionsYou can view national ties through Summary. Neutral nations are white inForeign.Hostility: Animosity toward France. If too high, trade and alliances will be difficult. However, if you succeed in those areas, hostility may diminish. Maximum 100.Alliance: Tied in an antiwar pact and open to trade. Amidst a war, allies often send reinforcements. When the term of alliance ends, nations resume friendly relations.Friendship: Tied in a friendship treaty and open to trade. Once trade is stopped nations become neutral.Neutrality: No diplomatic relations with nation in summary.(Diplomatic Relationships) +--) Conclusion of ------------------------+----------) Alliance | an Alliance | | | | | | | | | | | | +----Friendship-----) Friendly (----- End of Term | | | Treaty | | | | | | | | Neutral (---------Stop Trade (-+ | | | | | | | Warring (--------+-------------------- Declare War PAGE 21-------Army War Expenditures * Artillery Set war expenditures. The maximum depends on how many arms factories France supports. Arms are manufactured in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec. One cannon costs 50 gold. Recruit POWs Place captured foreign officers in reserve.Give Food / Materials Release food or materials from the national treasury to be divided among your cities.Trade() Financial Ability * Hostility Import / Export Propose trade with allied or friendly nations.CITY STRATEGYSend Officers Relocate officers. Preparations are the same as under the officer command- Send. Goods () Supplies Transport gold, food, and/or materials to a needy city. Preparations are the same as under the monthly officer command- Send. Treasury Transfer gold, food, and/or materials from the national treasury to a needy city. This command is the opposite of the monthly officer command- Treasury.PAGE 22------- Fleet * Warships / Sea Control Transfer ships from one city to another on the same shoreline or a neighboring shore. You cannot send ships to a shore dominated by hostile nation.Deploy Artillery * Artillery / Artillery reserves Position cannons in a city's artillery reserves. Shipbuilding * Warships / Industrial power Build warships in coastal cities. Costs are taken from the national treasury, 100 gold per ship. Industrial power determines the maximum number of ships you can build. Scrap Ships * Warships Order ships scrapped.Personnel (Person) Appoint () Commander Relieve a commander in any city and appoint a new one. Dispatch () Reserves Relocate reserve officers to any city, raising them to active status. Reserves () Reserves Place active officers into national reserves. Officers leave their soldiers, horses and artillery behind at their former post.PAGE 23-------Command* National Tax Payments / Supply CitiesForce cities to make extra payments to the national treasury. You can requiretwo types of payments: 1) in gold, 2) in food and materials; or assign bothduties (see More About Taxes).RestEnd your turn.PAGE 24-------V BEYOND THE SMOKE OF GUNSWar mode begins when you invade another city or are attacked in your own city.The battlefield will appear on the war screen.The War Screen(picture of the main war screen)1. Corps information (lower right)2. Soldiers' morale (lower right, beside "Mor")3. Training level (lower right, beside "Trn")(icon of a plain with a cloudy sky) Cloudy(icon of a plain with rain) Rainy(icon of snowy mountains) Snow(icon of a snow storm) Blizzard(icon if a plain) Clear SkiesPage 25-------The Procession of WarTroops are positioned, defenders first, in any HEX marked with a circle. Onceall troops are positioned the battle begins.Each unit receives 1 order per day, starting with the defender. You maycommand units in any order (select with cursor).Commands vary depending on the unit. Each day, every 100 soldiers consume 2cases of food.During the battle, a neighboring allied city may send in reinforcements forthe defender.VictoryBattle are fought for 30 days or until one side is victorious:Attacker's Victory: Occupy all forts within the city or eradicate all defending troops.Defender's Victory: Defend the city for 30 days with troops remaining.Post-War SettlementsThe victor wins authority over the city in which battle took place. The citywill reflect any damage taken during the battle. Food provisions from theopposing army or armies will be confiscated for the city, and all officers whofought for the victor will be stationed here. Empty posts will be filled atrandom by available officers. Any officers caught during war become POWs(Prisoner Of War).PAGE 26-------( The Procession War) War map appears | V Defender selects officers for war | V Positioning of troops | V WAR (-----------Reinforcements move in | V A victor is decided | V Main screen reappearsHex Explanation(picture of a unit square)1. (upper right) 2. (upper left) White = Attacker O Indicates turn is over for a unit Blue = Defender X Indicates unit is in disorder Purple = Reinforcements3. Number of soldiers remaining (bottom) * You must be adjacent to an enemy unit to see how many men they have. * An arrow on an artillery unit indicates the direction of cannon fire.PAGE 27-------Terrain Explanation(icon) Mountains A (icon) Mountains B (icon) Hills C(icon) Hills D (icon) Forest (icon) Grassy Plain(icon) Swamp (icon) Sand Bar (icon) River(icon) Lake / Sea (icon) Bridge (icon) Ice(icon) FortressTerrain, weather and a change of seasons can all affect the procession of war.Some terrain will hinder movements under harsh weather, while other terraincan be used to aid your defense.PAGE 28-------Terrain featuresRiver: Only infantry can cross rivers, but soldiers are sure to drown. Build bridges to facilitate safe crossing. Explosions and cannon fire will destroy bridges.Swamp: Artillery unit will get stuck in the mud if they enter swamp areas.Sand Bar: Artillery unit may be able to creep across sand bars if they have enough mobility points in store. If soldiers slip while crossing, their whole unit will jump back to the original HEX.Hills/Mountains: There are five levels to climb between the grassy plains and mountains A. You cannot move directly into a HEX 2 levels above you. Depending on altitude, mountains can block cannon fire, and improve defensive ability.Weather: Bad weather will exhaust mobility points and hinder bridge building, explosions, charging and cannon fire.Winter: Except in southern regions, wintry weather will hinder all movement and attacks. Mountain B, rivers, and sand bars are impassable this season, yet lakes freeze over for crossing. If you are attacked under cannon fire on the ice, your troops may fall through. Artillery attacks are impossible in blizzards.PAGE 29-------Mobility points vary for each unit according to terrain:Terrain Inf. Cav. Art. Defense Features------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mtns A X X X No entryMtns B 7 6 8 No entry in winterHills C 6 5 7 BHills D 5 4 6Forest 5 6 7 C Blocks cannon fire (from plains level)Grassy Plain 4 3 5 DSwamp 6 7 8 F Hinders movement when rainingSand Bar 8 8 X G No entry in winterRiver 10 X X G Soldiers drown, No entry in winterLake / Sea X X X No entry Frozen up north in winterBridge 5 4 6 E Falls under cannon fire or explosionsIce 5 5 6 F Cannon fire cracks iceFortress 4 4 6 AKey: Inf. = Infantry A B C D E F G = Scale for rating defensive Cav. = Cavalry strength; A is the strongest Art. = Artillery and G is the weakest value.PAGE 30-------War Screen OperationsSelect which troop you wish to command, choose a war command, and indicate in which direction to carry out the command. You can move the cursor onto enemy troops to view their conditions before selecting your own troops for commands.Access special commands to view the battlefield and statistics, check theenemy's cannon range, or to stall until your next turn.To Select Troops: Use the + button, move the cursor (hand) to a unit and pushbutton A. When you select an enemy unit, information for that troop will bedisplayed; cancel by pushing B.Special Commands: Push B to get to a menu of special commands (explainedbelow). Move / Attack: After you have selected troops, use the + button to control the cursor and point out which HEX you want to move into or attack. Push A to set your decision; to cancel the command before moving push B. War Commands: With the cursor still on the unit you have selected, push A to view a menu of war commands. Line of Fire: If you only want to change the direction your cannons are aimed, without moving, push B. You can also redirect the line of fire after moving. Use the + button and push A to set aim.PAGE 31-------(War Operations) +-----) + and A ---+---) A | Select troops and View enemy | Choose command Selection ---+ | | | +-----) B +---) + Special Commands Move / AttackWar CommandsCommands vary for infantry, cavalry and artillery. Unit types that correspondto each command are in parentheses below.() indicates what attributes are important to carrying out a command. * indicates what attributes will be affected.Move (All units)Move troops on the battlefield. You can attack from your position next to anenemy, or continue moving if you have enough mobility points. In general,cavalry units have the most mobility and artillery units the least. Thiswar command does not appear on-screen; select a unit and direct it with thecursor and A.Attack (Infantry & Cavalry units)Attack an adjacent enemy by moving directly into them. This command does not appear on-screen.PAGE 32-------Command (Field Commander menu) Encourage () Leadership * Morale Encourage troops from the commanding officer's unit and raise morale in adjacent units. Recovery () Leadership * Disorder among soldiers Sometimes troops are so devasted that they cannot fight. Although they recover slowly, this command quickly recharges troops. Mobilize * Reserves Mobilizes reserves to replace soldiers under the commanding officer or in adjacent infantry. Pull up to 100 men onto the battlefield in one turn. Activate Pull officers from reserves into a defensive effort.Rest (All troops)Rest troops at current position. This will raise the morale of a unit in lowspirits.Withdraw (All troops)Withdraw to an adjacent city under your control. Morale will drop. Someofficers may defect to the enemy during withdrawal procedures. If any officersremain after a war, yet there is no city to withdraw to, they will take to thestreets as normal citizens. Later they can be recruited as reserves. If thecommanding officer withdraws, the war will continue under another commander.PAGE 33-------Bridge (Infantry only)() BuildingBuild a bridge. Success depends on weather, building skills and the numberof soldiers at work.Explode (Infantry only)() BuildingBlow up a bridge. Success depends on the weather, building skills and thenumber of soldiers at work.Charge (Cavalry only)() CavalryRepeatedly charge into the enemy. Annihilate the unit and take over theirterritory.Bombard (Artillery only)() Artillery / TrainingRange of cannon fire is shown in colored HEXex. Highly trained soldiers havethe most accurate shooting skills.Abandon (Artillery only)Abandon cannons and become an infantry unit. You will lose all artillery andthe soldiers' morale will drop.Special CommandsViewView date, place, weather, and warring abilities of both armies. Push anybutton to view battlefield. Push again to return to the war scene.Cannon RangeCheck your enemy's range of cannon fire. Colored HEXes indicate the range.StallEnd turns for every unit which has not yet received commands.PAGE 34-------VI FOLLOW THE TIDE OF FORTUNEThere are certain regular events and random events which occur throughoutEurope.Regular EventsPopulation Growth: Population increases each year.City Data Decreases: Any number of events will have a negative effect on yourcity. Your officers, soldiers, and industry are just a few things that can beaffectedTax Revenue: Every city takes in direct taxes in Jan. Indirect taxes arecollected in relation to commercial worth (trade) in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec. Adirect tax goes to the national treasury in Jan. as well as an indirect taxfrom every designated supply city in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec.Harvest: Crops are harvested in Sep.. In Nov., food is collected from supplycities for the national treasury.Production: Materials are produced in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec. Supply cities send materials to the national treasury in May & Nov.Officers' Stipends / Fleet Maintenance: Officers' Stipends and funds for fleetmaintenance are paid in Mar & Nov. Repairs cost 5 gold per ship.To the people: Food and materials are distributed to the people in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec. The people may strike if they do not have sufficient supplies infood or materials.PAGE 35-------Supplies: The soldiers are provided food supplies every Apr. & Oct. If thereis not enough food to go around, the remaining soldiers will desert your armyrather than go hungry.Arms Production: Arms are manufactured and become government property in Mar-June-Sep. & Dec.Random EventsOfficers Appear: Each year new officers will appear on the scene and they mayjoin your reserves.Military Rebellion: Dissatisfied officers with low loyalty are likely to rebel.They may defect to other nations.Strikes / Civil Rebellion: The townspeople may rebel if they are dissatisfied,especially when food and material supplies are low. Strikes halt allproduction and reduce indirect tax revenues by 50%. Rebellions can devastatea city.Cholera / The Plague: When food and materials supplies are low, epidemicsspread. Medical development will lessen the people's suffering, but it maynot affect the plague.Cold Weather Damage / Poor Harvest / Farming: The harvest will be poor afteran unseasonable summer frost.Spanish Civil Rebellion: If you secure territory in Spain the townspeople mayrebel. As a result, reserves, morale and foos supplies will increase in Spain.PAGE 36-------Guerilla Attack / Cossack Attack: Surprise attacks are common when you occupy cities in Spanish or Russian territory. If attacked, you will lose soldiers and reserves. When transporting goods into these territories, guerillas or Cossak thieves may attack from ambush and loot your supplies.PAGE 37-------VII DATA AT-A-GLANCECity / Government / Officer Symbols(soldier icon) Number of Soldiers (money pouch icon) National Tax Revenue(barrel icon) Supply city (factory icon) Military Expenditures(soldier face icon with arm) Infantry (Arms factory)(horseman icon) Cavalry (cannon with man icon) Artillery(2 men icon) Men (soldier face icon) Infantry Reserves(horse only icon) Cavalry Reserves (cannon only icon) Artillery Reserves(Teared flag icon) Hostility (coin icon) Gold(hammer icon) Industry (bread icon) Food Sufficiency(hospital icon) Medical DevelopmentPAGE 38-------(bread icon) Food (balance icon) Trade(scroll icon) Material Sufficiency (cross flag icon) Hospital(crop icon) Farming (2 persons icon) Population(boat icon) FleetWhen you check data through View, most information will be given by icon. InSummary, abbreviations are used, and are included below. A letter scale isoften used (A-B-C-D-E) to indicate the degree of abilities or supplies; A isthe highest, E is the lowest. Zero under gold, food, or materials indicatesthat supplies are depleted. O and X show presence or absence for manycategories. Any other symbols are included in at-a-glance charts.PAGE 39-------City Data At-A-GlanceData Specific and General Information Maximum------------------------------------------------------------------Population Number of people in city: provides soldiers for 9999 recruit, sets direct tax revenue; up in Mar; down with cholera, the plague, rebellion------------------------------------------------------------------Gold Total Gold: includes direct tax (Jan.) & indirect taxes 9999 (Mar-June-Sep.-Dec); decreases with stipends, fleet maintenance (Apr-Sept)Food Total food: includes harvest (Sep.); decreases when 9999 supplying people (Mar-June-Sep.-Dec), soldiers (Apr- Oct.), and for supply cities (Nov.)Materials Total materials: increases with production (Mar-June- 9999 Sept-Dec); decrease for supply cities (May-Nov.)------------------------------------------------------------------Trade Increases with investment; red after strikes; 100 influences tax revenueFarming Agricultural development; increases with investment; Current red after cold weather damage farmingIndustry Production of goods; increases with investment; 100 influences production, shipbuilding; red after strikesPAGE 40-------Data Specific and General Information Maximum-----------------------------------------------------------------National Only when government commissions a city to pay; ___ Tax Payment exemption may be grantedSupply City City designated by government; payments in food and ___ materials; exemption may be granted-----------------------------------------------------------------Food People's satisfaction with food supplies; affects 100 Sufficiency chances of rebellion or strike; red when supplies are lowMaterial People's satisfaction with material supplies; affects 100 Sufficiency chances of rebellion or strike; red when supplies are low-----------------------------------------------------------------Medical Development of hospital; increases with investment; 100 Development influences healthHealth People's welfare; improves with medical development, 100 when food & materials are given; prevents cholera & the plagueWarships Size of fleet; increases with shipbuilding 100Arms Factory Facility for cannon production ___ (Factory)----------------------------------------------------------------Troops Number of infantry, cavalry and artillery units combined 15PAGE 41-------Data Specific and General Information Maximum----------------------------------------------------------------Infantry Foot soldiers in reserve: can be mobilized into war 999 ReservesCavalry Horses in reserve: arrange one horse per soldier for 999 Reserves active cavalryArtillery Cannons in reserve: arrange one cannon to every 5 men 999 Reserves for active artillery----------------------------------------------------------------Soldiers Total men in active troops; down after rebellion, 3000 cholera, the plagueMorale Fighting spirit in corps; up after speeches; wanes 100 over timeTraining Training level of corps; up after training exercises; 100 wanes over time----------------------------------------------------------------PAGE 42-------Nation Data At-A-GlanceData Specific and General Information Maximum---------------------------------------------------------------Supply Cities Number of supply cities---------------------------------------------------------------Gold Gold in national treasury: direct tax (Jan.) & 50,000 indirect tax (Mar-June-Sep.-Dec) income; used for arms production (Mar-June-Sep.-Dec)Food Food in national treasury: harvest (Nov.) 50,000Materials Materials in national treasury: income from supply 50,000 (Mtrl) cities (May-Nov.)--------------------------------------------------------------Industry(Inds) Industrial worthTrade(Trde) Commercial worthFarming(Farm) Agricultural worthWarships(Ship) The number of warships-------------------------------------------------------------Food Sufficiency People's satisfaction with food supply (Food)Material People's satisfaction with supply of materials Sufficiency (Mtrl)Health (Hlth) Welfare of the people-------------------------------------------------------------Alliance (Tie) Allies may reinforce your troops in warHostilely Hostility for the French: hinders trade, (Host) negotiations; indicates chances of declaration of war; grows stronger over timePAGE 43-------Data Specific and General Information Maximum------------------------------------------------------------Allied Nation Involved in alliance; shows as O in nation summary TieFriendly Nation Involved in friendship treaty; shows as triangle in nation summary TieNeutral Nation No diplomatic ties; left blank under nation summary Tie, white in ForeignWarring Nation Involved in a declaration of war; shows as X in nation summary Tie------------------------------------------------------------War Expenditures Investment in arms production: 1 cannon costs 50 200 gold gold x #cities with factoriesArtillery Cannons in reserveReserves Officers not yet appointed to any cityPOWs Captured foreign officers; recruit for reservesSea Control Which nations control which shorelines; held by the greatest coastal fleet-------------------------------------------------------------PAGE 44-------Officer Data At-A-GlanceData Specific and General Information Maximum-------------------------------------------------------------Politics (Pol) Political ability: influence on negotiations AFinance (Fin) Financial ability: influence on trade, investments ASupply (Sup) Ability to manage supplies, give or send goods, A collect taxesBuilding (Bld) Influence on medical investments, building and A exploding bridges--------------------------------------------------------------Leadership Leadership ability: talent for speeches, A (Ldr or Lead) encouraging soldiersInfantry (Inf) Infantry strength: strength as an infantry A commanderCavalry (Cav) Cavalry strength: strength as a cavalry commander AArtillery (Art) Artillery strength: strength as an artillery commander; experience with cannons---------------------------------------------------------------Loyalty (Loy) Loyalty to Napoleon: affects chances of rebellion 100 or withdrawal; increases with rewardsExperience (Exp) Level of experience: increases after carrying out 100 commands (if Exp is 100 other abilities will increase)PAGE 45-------Data Specific and General Information Maximum-------------------------------------------------------------Age Officer's age: increase in Jan.-------------------------------------------------------------Unit Type Type of unit: infantry if there are 0 soldiersSoldiers (Men) Number of men in a unit 200Morale (Mor) Fighting spirit: increases after speeches, can 100 change during war; affects chances of recovery, rebellionTraining (Trn) Expertise of soldiers 100-------------------------------------------------------------PAGE 46-------VIII RECORD OF NAPOLEON'S CONQUESTA HERO EMERGES! From impoverished Corsica, a Mediterranean island under French rule, emergeda man unlike any other in the history of Europe. He was Napoleon Bonaparte. Born into nobility, Napoleon was educated at a military academy in Paris.He went to arms as an artillery officer in the tumult of the French Revolution.His first victory was to capture Toulon from ati-revolutionary forces. At theage of 26, Napoleon was appointed Commander of the French Army of Italy.WINNING THE RESPECT OF HIS MEN Dressed in rags and poorly equipped, Napoleon and his men were the center of ridicule. His subordinate officers eyed him with contempt, yet when he laid down the plan for battle, he convinced them that he was the one in command. Turning to his bedraggled soldiers, Napoleon said: "Brave men! Francehasn't the power to clothe you, to feed you, nor arm you to its own defense.You are worthy and valiant men. I will lead you across the fertile plains ofthis continent. Glory, fame and abounding wealth await you! Soldiers of theArmy of Italy, obey my command!" The soldiers looked to their new commander with respect. Prospects ofvictory transformed the tired soldiers into an army of steel.LIFE-AND-DEATH STRUGGLE AT LODIThe finest troops of the Austrian army were positioned in Milan, ready to fendoff the French army. This land was a place ofPAGE 47-------strategic importance to breaking into northern Italy. The two armies faced off across the single bridge spanning the river between them. The odds were against the French; they were outnumbered 2 to 1. The French charged across the bridge and the Austrians fired point-blankinto them. With each step soldiers fell into piles on the bridge. Unable towithstand the onslaught, they turned to retreat. Then suddenly the regimentalcolors appeared at the front. Napoleon Bonaparte stood undaunted before hismen and shouted: "If any of you are brave enough-come to arms!" His commanders raced to protect their leader! With newfound courage thesoldiers charged into the enemy. The Austrian could not stop them and wereforced back to Lodi. In Napoleon's next campaign he led his soldiers on to capture Castiglione,Arcole,-------------------------------------------------------------------------------(picture of Napoleon) Napoleon FranceNapoleon Bonaparte was a man of rare military genius. Rising up at the timeof the French Revolution, he led the Grande Armee across Europe. At the height of his career, he was crowned Emperor of France. His perseverance and relentless tactics left a great impression in the annals of European history.(picture of Berthier) Berthier FranceLouis Berthier was a veteran of war, having participated in the AmericanRevolution. He served as Napoleon's chief of staff. Though he was a modestman, he is credited for having led the French army on to many victories. WhenNapoleon escaped from Elba Island, Berthier suffered a nervous breakdown anddied.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------PAGE 48-------and Rivoli. Then, after subjugating northern Italy, he turned his troopstowards Vienna. Austria proposed a truce to escape defeat, where upon Napoleon agreed. Thereafter he made a triumphant return to Paris.THE STRENGTH OF THE FATHERLAND The fervor of the revolution spread throughout the nation, and other majorpowers in Europe joined in a coalition against France. Attacked from theinterior and exterior, the people were caught in a desperate struggle for theirrights. In Paris, Director Barras was involved in a struggle of his own. Napoleonwas popular among the people, and he feared he would be the next to try tooverthrow him. Consequently he appointed Napoleon to a difficult position ascommander-in-chief of the Army of England, to try to get rid of him. A direct attack on England looked dangerous in view of their mighty navy.However, an indirect attack would weaken them. Napoleon set off to attackBritish territory in Egypt. The expedition to Egypt exhausted many soldiers,but Napoleon insisted they continue. "Brave soldiers! 4000 years of historywill witness our battle on these sands!" His confident words gave his soldiersnew strength. Back in France, the people were faced with a new problem: a secondcoalition had emerged. The Directorate in Paris recognized that they needed Napoleon to save France. They called him back to Paris, and Napoleon returned. A new challenge awaited him at home.CROSSING THE WINTER ALPSOnce back in Paris, Napoleon staged a coup d'ctat with the help of hisbrother,PAGE 49-------Lucien, and Talleyrand. They set up a new government on the 18th of November,1799. Now seated as First Consul, Napoleon shouldered the responsibility topacify France. He had to restore law and order, revitalize the economy, andreorganize the army. Meanwhile, to fight off the second coalition againstFrance, he renewed his attack on Italy. The Austrian army was spurred tofortify their defense. Massena was the sole French officer in northern Italy, and the Austrian army had him backed into a corner. Most officers believed they could save him by attacking from the coastline. But, when Napoleon heard their plans he said: "Our enemy would love such a feeble plan! they have a strong defense along the coastal route. I am going to outwit them." This his army began the roundabout trek through the Alps. In the winter, any route through the-----------------------------------------------------------------(picture of Massena) Massena FranceAndre Massena had 7 years of experience in the struggle against Italy. Heproved a reliable commander, and was promoted from Lord of Rivoli to Earl ofEssling for great war deeds. However, in battle in Spain he lost the power tolead his troops any further, and was defeated by the Duke of Wellington(England).(picture of Barras) Barras FrancePaul Francois Barras was a product of political corruption. He took over aspresident of France in the coup d'ctat of 1795, in which the royalist factionssuppresed the revolutionaries. He was overthrown in a coup staged by Napoleon in 1799. In 1810, Barras was banished from France.-------------------------------------------------------------------PAGE 50-------Alps was a treacherous road to navigate. Heavy artillery had to be carriedthrough the dangerous passes. And, there were sure to be casualties when the snow began to thaw. Nevertheless, the French army made it through to northern Italy once again. They met the Austrian defense in Marengo and went to arms. There wererumors back home that the French were already defeated. The odds were clearly against them. Yet, reinforcements came in, led by Desaix and Kellerman. Desaix died in this battle, but the French were victorious again!EMPEROR NAPOLEON The victory at Marengo showed that France was back on the road to power. As anti-French sentiment died down, former coalition members tried to make peace with France; even England offered peace. However, not everyone was satisfied with Napoleon's tactics. French andBritish royalists formed a conspiracy to overthrow him. In spite of theirsecret efforts, they never got hold of him. Now seated as First Consul,Napoleon was protected more closely than ever before. Head CommissionerFouche noticed that people supported him to rise up as emperor of theirnation. He called a national assembly at which they decided to let the people vote. Did they want Emperor Napoleon? He was approved: 3,652,000 in favor, 3,000 against. Thus, in December 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte was crowned at Notre DameCathedral.STORMING ACROSS EUROPE Napoleon's ascension to the throne, opened up old wounds in the Europeancommunity. Other major powers felt threatened by the sweeping changes inPAGE 51-------France, reflecting anti-revolutionary sentiment. Thus, Austria, Prussia,Russia and England united in a third coalition against France. In order to break the coalition, the central force in the league, England,had to be destroyed. Napoleon dispatched his navy full force into the channelbetween England and France, led by his most cunning officers: Bernadotte, Ney,Marmont, Lannes, Davout, Soult, Murat, Bessieres, and Augereau. Thisoffensive, 220 thousands strong, comprised the 'Grande Armce.' Napoleon wanted to gain sea control over the Straits of Dover. He plannedto break through the British blockade at the Straits of Gibraltar, then join upwith the French Atlantic fleet and Spanish reinforcements. The British wouldbe trapped in their own territory. Austria and Russia closely followed the--------------------------------------------------------------(picture of Talleyrand) Talleyrand FranceCharles Maurice Talleyrand, an ex-bishop with a crippled leg, was an eccentric.He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs for France. At one time his loyaltyfor Napoleon waned and he conspired with anti-French coalition powers.However, at the Congress of Vienna Talleyrand directed negotiations with suchskill that he restored France in the eyes of other leaders.(picture of Soult) Soult FranceNicholas Jean de Soult was made a Marshal in the French Army in 1804. Composed in any situation, he was a key commander in many battles. After Napoleon escaped from Elba Island, he was appointed Chief of Staff. He went on to fill positions as Minister of War, and Prime Minister.--------------------------------------------------------------PAGE 52-------changes in eastern France. When Napoleon deployed his eastern troops for theBritish assault, they knew they could begin to advance. Once again, Europefell under the dark cloud of gun smoke.ATTENTION TO THE EAST! With trouble approaching from the east, Napoleon redirected the GrandeArmce back to the border. They defeated the Austrian army at Ulm, andcontinued towards Vienna, where the Russians were camped. Kutusov got wordof the Austrian defeat and ordered the Russian army to retreat. Suddenly the French army was in danger. The allied French-Spanish fleetsmoldered in ruins, defeated by Captain Nelson, of England. And, Franz II ofAustria and Alexander I of Russia closed in from the north around Vienna. Inprevious battles, Napoleon's strategy was to concentrate his army around theenemy, but they were split in two different directions now. There was nochoice but to forfeit conquest of England, and dispatch the bulk of the army tothe east. Then events came to a head. The Austrian, Russian and French armies cametogether at Austerlitz and plunged into war. Napoleon was attacked in theright flank and beaten back from the Pratzen Plateau. Soult, Lannes and Muratretaliated and scattered the enemy league. They forced the Russian army toflee through Tellnitz across the frozen Satschan Pond. Napoleon was waitingfor them and ordered rapid fire down on the ice. With the weight of the menand their artillery, plus the barrage from French cannons-CRACK!-the Russianarmy fell through the ice. It was an amazing victory for Napoleon! The battle at Austerlitz marked the one-hundredth day since Napoleon'scorona-PAGE 53-------tion as Emperor.THE CONTINENTAL BLOCKADE Two days after the battle at Austerlitz, France and Austria made peace. Thefollowing year Napoleon returned to his conquest of Europe. In a renewedeffort to expand the French frontier he appointed his brothers and son in thereaches of French territory. Then to completely rout the Prussian army heattacked Jena and Auerstadt, and concentrated his army around Berlin. Onceagain Napoleon's strategy prompted a response from his enemies: Prussia,England and Russia united in the 4th anti-French coalition. As strong as the British were, they feared the French were gaining too muchpower. They tried to support the anti-French coalition by supplying capitaland arms to opposition forces. In retaliation Napoleon ordered a continentalblockade----------------------------------------------------------------(picture of Josephine) Josephine FranceEmpress Josephine was Napoleon's first wife, and 6 years his elder. Exquisiteand refined, she was admired by the elite. She and Napoleon divorced, butlater remarried so that her son could be heir to the throne. Later while herhusband was in exile on Elba Island, she passed away at her castle, Malmaison.(picture of Fouche) Fouche FranceJoseph Fouche partook in intrigue and money-making schemes. He had sourceswho supplied him with blackmail material on his opponents in government. Afterthe Revolution he served as Head Commissioner for two consecutive terms.However, as a result of his checkered past, he himself was later ejected fromthe fatherland.----------------------------------------------------------------PAGE 54-------against England. For a country that relied heavily upon trade, this order wasa direct threat to British development. In order to enforce the blockade Napoleon had to gain control of thecoalition. With the Prussian army under his power, he used them to push theRussian army back from Eylau, and swiftly seized Friedland. After furtherlosses at Tilsit and Konigsburg, the Russians solicited Napoleon for relief,resulting in a peace treaty. Prussia was reduced to a minor power underGermany, Russia and France joined in alliance, and the continental blockadewas complete.PURSUING ENEMIES ON ALL SIDES The continental blockade seemed to work. British imports were completelybanned from Europe. On the other hand, the European merchants lost a majorimporter of their goods. Angry with the trade block, anti-French sentimentrose up again. The situation grew even worse for the French when the Britishattacked from the Iberian peninsula. Guerilla armies added to the assault. When the French gradually began to weaken, Austria joined in the fighting.Ever-cautious Napoleon quickly redirected his army and beat them back atAbensberg and Eggmuhl. Yet, in the next battle at Aspern, Napoleon's men wereoutnumbered 3 to 1. They were defeated with ease, and Lannes died in the samebattle. Napoleon retaliated at Wagram, and this time his troops dominated.A DARKER HORIZON In France, the people were overjoyed with their leader's success. Yet,Napoleon was nervous about the lack of an heir. He and Empress Josephine didnot have a son.PAGE 55-------Metternich of Austria, urged him to remarry with the princess from hiscountry, Marie Louise. Napoleon agreed. He left Josephine and married MarieLouise in April, 1810. In March, 1811, a salute of guns resounded in Paris to commemorate the birth of the Crown Prince. The people celebrated in the hopes of peace and security for their nation. There was one country which did not take the new intimacy between France and Austria so lightly. It was the empire in the east - Russia. The Russians resented Napoleon's abuse and demanded territory in Poland. But Napoleon had no intention of giving up the land he had won. Hence Russia withdrew from the continental blockade and united with England.-----------------------------------------------------------------(picture of Nelson) Nelson EnglandAdmiral Horatio nelson was the pride of the British Navy. A missing eye and acrippled leg were his war scars, and blatant proof of his valor. He died inbattle at Trafalgar after defeating the French fleet. His triumph ruinedNapoleon's hopes to ever capture England.(picture of Murat) Murat FranceJoachim Murat was loyal to Napoleon in his career. Undaunted upon thebattlefield, he commanded a valiant cavalry regiment. He became King of Naples when he married Napoleon's sister, Caroline. After defeat at Waterloo he was executed with a 'coup de grace'.----------------------------------------------------------------PAGE 56-------A COSTLY VENTURE The continental blockade was the key tactic in Napoleon's plan to overthrowEngland. It was almost complete when Russia joined forces with England.Thus Napoleon turned his wrath towards Russia. The French army had 550,000 men, including forces led by Berthier, Ney,Davout, Murat, and Poniatowski. Their soldiers, from France, Germany, Italy,Polland and Holland, represented the blockade that spanned the continent. "Soldiers!" Napoleon addressed his men. "This expedition will guaranteepeace and harmony for all of Europe!" "Vive l'Empereur! Long live the Emperor!" they resounded. On June 6, 1812, the Grande Armce set off the Moscow. When they reached the faraway plains of Russia, the intense cold of winter settled over their troops. Yet, Napoleon refused to abandon his plan. The advance was a painstaking and costly process. The soldiers weren't prepared to face the cold, and thousands perished every step of the way. Finally the army arrived at Moscow, reduced to 150,000 weak men. Napoleonhastily declared victory over Russia and began the long trek for home.PAGE 57-------(picture of Blucher) Blucher PrussiaGebhard Leberecht von Blucher had 7 years of experience at the head of thePrussian army. He repeatedly met Napoleon on the battlefield, only to bedefeated each time. At Waterloo he overpowered Napoleon at last, marking his greatest victory. In the post-war Congress of Vienna he supported the decision to sentence Napoleon to a firing squad in retribution for war crimes.(picture of Lannes) Lannes FranceJean Lannes was in competition with Murat for most of his career, starting with the battle at Lodi. He led his troops on many gloriousexpeditions for Napoleon, and eventually was made a Marshal in the French Army. At Aspern he took a fatal blow in battle and died.(picture of Metternich) Metternich AustriaClemens von Metternich, Minister of Foreign Affairs for Austria, closelyfollowed the revolution in France. Meeting with Napoleon, he skilful arguedto preserve some dignity for his country. Promoted to Prime Minister afterNapoleon's demise, he remained in power most of his life.(picture of Alexander I) Alexander I RussiaTsar Alexander I inherited his position when his father was executed. Heoversaw the alliance between Russia and England to form the core of the 'anti-Napoleon' movement. Russia yielded to France temporarily after the defeat of Prussia, however the Tsar built up his military again to win the final victory over Napoleon.PAGE 58-------(picture of Kellerman) Kellerman FranceFrancois Kellerman was a magnificent officer in the French army, though he was of German descent. In battles at Marengo and Austerlitz his troops came through victorious and without many losses. At Waterloo he fought under General Ney.(picture of Kutusov) Kutusov RussiaMikhail kutusov was an elder general in the Russian army. He preferrednegotiation to combat whenever possible, but during the Austerlitz campaign.Tsar Alexander I forced him to go to arms. During the Russian campaign heretreated and succeeded in drawing the fatigued French troops after him. When they were forced to withdraw, Kutusov was credited for masterminding the Russian victory.(picture of Davout) Davout FranceLouis Davout was a steadfast Republican and devoted militarist. In 1804, hewas promoted to General of the Army. In the war against Prussia he proved aworthy commander and was the first to occupy Berlin. After Napoleonescaped from Elba Island, Davout served as Minister of the Continental Army.(picture of Ney) Ney FranceMichel Ney was appointed Minister of War in 1804. When the French armywithdrew from Russia he took up the rear guard to fend off pursuers. Thus hewon praise as "a hero among heroes." At Waterloo he took La Haye Sainte witha cavalry of merely 10,000 men. Yet after the French were defeated, theroyalist party sentenced him to his demise.PAGE 59-------(picture of Wellington) Wellington EnglandHis true name was Arthur Wellesley. He won fame for recapturing Madrid in the war against Portugal. At Waterloo he was the key officer who brought about Napoleon's defeat. Later in his career he was appointed Prime Minister of EnglandPAGE 60-------IX THE GRANDE ARMEE AT WARLife Or Death! The Battle At Marengo 1800, June 15(picture of a tactic plan)PAGE 61------- Napoleon, now First Concul, turned his men towards Italy. He dispatchedVictor for Marengo, south-west of Milan, and led in reserve forces through theSt. Bernard Pass. Melas, who held the region for Austria, was in for asurprise. Then on the 14th of June, the fighting began. Melas suddenly attacked Napoleon, thinking he led the main offensive. TheFrench were clearly outnumbered, 10 to 1, but they anticipated reinforcements.Napoleon rode to the front line and encouraged his soldiers: "Take courage!You must hold out until our reinforcements arrive!" He looked to the south-east sky, wondering when his trustworthy officer Desaix would arrive. Hismen were being demolished on the battlefield. And, there were rumors thatMelas had already reported victory to his superiors in Vienna. Finally Desaix arrived, straight from the deserts of Egypt. He thrust hismen into the Austrian advance. With new faith in their commander, Kellermanand Lannes added to the assault. Victor could not bear anymore losses andwithdrew, but Marmont covered with his artillery. In the confusion of thebattle Desaix was pierced through the heart by an enemy bullet, and his bodywas found afterward on the field. The French were triumphant in the end, but having lost a brilliant officerin Desaix, it was a costly victory for Napoleon.(picture of Desaix) Desaix FranceLouis Desaix lead a glorious career. He became one of Napoleon's mosttrustworthy officer. In the battle at Marengo he rushed back from Egypt tohelp overthrow Austria. However, in the chaos of war he was shot and died.PAGE 62-------Victory! The Battle At Austerlitz 1805, December 2(picture of a tactic plan)PAGE 63------- Napoleon was at the peak of his career when France clashed with Russia andAustria. Outnumbered from the start (55,000 to 93,000), he stalled for timewith negotiations. He had to create time for Bernadotte and Davout to leadin reinforcements. His strategy worked well with Kutusov, the elder Russiangeneral. Kutusov was more interested in discussion than war. Buxhowden carefully observed the French battle array from the Russian camp and concluded they would fall with ease. The Pratzen Plateau was almost empty but for Soult, left guarding the path of retreat from the right flank. Buxhowden charged his men straight towards the right flank and challenged Soult to war. Suddenly he was surrounded; he played right into Napoleon's trap! Behind Soult, Davout swept in with reserves and ravaged the Russian troops. Tsar Alexander I ordered Kutusov out from his central position to reinforceBuxhowden. However, once the central area weakened, Murat and Lannes had aclear path to descend from the highlands. Kutusov called in reserves, butNapoleon intercepted their advance. Bombarded from every direction, thecoalition neared collapse. When the coalition retreated they had incurred losses of 15,000 men, 20,000 fallen prisoner, 200 cannons, and 40 ensigns. French morale soared after victory at Austerlitz, which fell upon the one year anniversary of Napoleon's coronation. Cries of "Vive l'Emprereur! Long live the Emperor!" echoed across the Pratzen Plateau in celebration.PAGE 64-------The Deciding Blow! The Battle At Waterloo 1815. June 18(picture of a tactic plan)PAGE 65------- Napoleon escaped from Elba Island and returned to the throne, only to bechallenged by 700,000 soldiers of the new coalition army. The French army was only 200,000 strong. At the front were Wellington of England, and Blutcher of Prussia. Napoleon knew he had to crush the spirit of the coalition in these two generals in order to win the next war. In early strategy he successfully repulsed Blucher and Grouchy routed them as they fled. Then with an army 72,000 strong, Napoleon challengedWellington to send his 68,000 men forward for a decisive battle. The soldiers faced a battlefield sodden with the water of recent rains.Their heavy artillery churned the ground and their cannons sank deep intothe mud. Napoleon grew anxious watching his men push their heavy artillerythrough the mire. He resorted to cavalry, and sent out 10,000 men under Neyto occupy a central position at La Haye Sainte. Yet Ney misunderstood hisorders and began an all-out attack with neither infantry nor artillery tosupport him. As a result, the French army was put in a vulnerable situation. Napoleon needed support desperately and sent a messenger to Neyrequesting reinforcements. Although Ney's men had fought bravely and captured La Haye Sainte, they had no strength to go to battle again. In a last effort to break free, Napoleon called up his last resource, the imperial guards, and sent them out in the advance. His army was ready for battle. At the same time a new foe rushed onto the scene from the east. Napoleon hoped it was Grouchy with French troops, but it was the Prussian army led by Blucher. Napoleon refused to surrender at Waterloo despite his defenseless position.Inevitably, the French army suffered great losses in their final defeat.PAGE 66-67----------90-Day Limited Warranty(not written) PAGE 68-------Warranty Limitations(not written) PAGE 69-------Comliance With FCC Regulations(not written)PAGE 70-------KOEI, We Supply The Past, You Make The History!GENGHIS KHAN (r)Conquest of Love and WarAs Richard the Lion Hearted, the Shogun or even the great Khan himself, carvea path of conquest through Asia and Europe. With everything from fightingduels to raiding towns, Genghis Khan takes strategy games to a new level ofsophistication.*Features, 1-4 players, 2-scenarios, 5 levels of difficulty, 2 meg cartridge, 192k RAM and battery back up to save games.(picture of Genghis Khan cover)BANDIT KINGS OF ANCIENT CHINA (TM)Join History's Greatest Band of OutlawsGao Qiu has seized authority of ancient China. As a Bandit King, help defendGao Qiu and restore the glory of days past. Ally, conquer and celebrate! Butstay alert... in the end who will be victorious? You are Gao Qiu?*Features: 1-7 players, 4 scenarios, over 250 characters, 3 meg cartridge, 128k RAM and battery back up to save games.(picture of Bandit Kings of Ancient China cover)PAGE 71-------KOEI, We Supply The Past, You Make The History!Control Ancient ChinaThe Second Han Dynasty is crumbling! As one of 350 generals, you aredetermined to beat your enemies as you struggle for control of the country.ROMANCE OF THE THREE KINGDOMS (r)(Award Winning Hit !! logo)*Features: 1-8 players, 5 scenarios, over 250 characters, 2 meg cartridge, 192k RAM and battery back up to save games.(picture of Romance of The Three Kingdoms)ROMANCE OF THE THREE KINGDOMS II (r)(Award Winning Hit !! logo)*Features: 1-12 players, 6 scenarios, over 400 characters, 4 meg cartridge, 256k RAM and battery back up to save games.(picture of Romance of The Three Kingdoms II)PAGE 72-------KOEI, We Supply The Past, You Make The History!Return to a World of Loyalty & HonorAs a 16th century warlord you'll embark on an epic quest to unify Japan. 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